Travelling down steps in your wheelchair

Here, we’ll explain the principles of travelling down steps safely, both with and without the use of handrails, and offer guidance on the correct technique.

What you’ll learn:

• Assess steps for safety before attempting them
• How to travel down steps with the support of another person
• How to travel down steps independently (where safe and appropriate)
• Stay in control and balanced throughout

What you need to know about travelling down steps in your wheelchair

Tackling stairs is an advanced skill that involves controlling your balance and using your strength to stay in control.

These techniques are advanced and should never be attempted on your own. 

Always practise with supervision first, and never attempt a staircase that looks too steep, uneven or unsafe.

Travelling down steps with a supporter

Always start by learning the skills with a supporter. Find someone who understands what you’re trying to do and has the strength and awareness to help you if you get into trouble.

Step 1: Preparation

1. Position your wheelchair so it’s facing backwards at the top of the steps
2. The supporter stands behind the chair, holding the handles firmly
3. Keep your back against the seat and hands on the armrests or push-rims to keep you stable 

Step 2: Starting to go down the stairs

1. The supporter tilts the chair slightly backwards until the front castors are off the ground
2. Slowly roll the rear wheels to the edge of the first step
3. The supporter lowers the chair one step at a time, keeping it balanced and controlled
4. You keep a good posture and lean back slightly in the chair to keep your balance 

Step 3: Finishing safely

1. Once you’ve got to the bottom of the stairs, the supporter gently lowers the castors to the ground 
2. Ensure the chair is fully stable before moving off
3. If you need to, take a moment to regain your balance and control before continuing

During this whole process, you’ll need to stay in contact with the person helping you. 

You’re the one in charge. Things like counting steps or agreeing signals in advance can be helpful at keeping you safe.

If something doesn’t feel right, always speak up.

Travelling down steps using handrails (independently)

This technique is suitable only for confident wheelchair users with good upper body strength and experience balancing on two wheels.

This is an advanced movement and should always be practised multiple times. Always begin with one or two low, wide steps before attempting longer flights of stairs.

Step 1: Preparation

1. Approach the steps slowly and line up straight
2. Move close enough so that you can reach the handrail easily with one hand
3. Ensure the other hand is on the push-rim for control

Step 2: Starting to go down the stairs

1. Tilt the chair slightly backwards until the front castors lift
2. Hold the handrail firmly while easing the rear wheels down onto the first step
3. Control your descent by sliding your hand down the rail and using small and steady pushes on the rim
4. Continue step by step, keeping your body weight slightly back to maintain your balance

Step 3: Finishing safely

1. When you reach the final step, bring the castors down slowly and gently
2. Always pause to ensure full balance before moving off
3. Take a moment to rest and check surroundings before you move off

Our advice is to never rush or skip steps. If you feel unbalanced, stop immediately and ask someone for help.

It should go without saying, but if there’s no handrail you should always have a supporter with you. Never attempt to tackle stairs without a handrail on your own.